Reliability analysis of load-sharing man-machine systems subject to machine degradation, human errors, and random shocks

This paper considers a load-sharing man-machine system with multiple units (MMUs) subject to machine degradation, human errors, and random shocks. Human errors affect the that person operates in MMU contribute dependent competing failure processes (DCFPs) of unit (DCFPsU): soft hard processes. Random shocks all MMUs DCFPs (DCFPsS): soft/hard one after another until common cause failures. In addition, once fails, more workloads are shared on surviving due characteristic, which increase not only degradation rates but also error intensities. We incorporate into reliability analysis besides develop an analytical model system. A Poisson-type considering effects workload is proposed first. To DCFPsU, DCFPsS, conditional distributions DCFPsU probability density functions failures investigated. then developed based total formula through derivation. Finally, 2-out-of-3:G lathe small-, medium- large-scale examples implemented illustrate effectiveness model.